Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the prostate.It can be infectious or non-infectious.Regardless of the form of the disease, complex treatment of prostatitis is required, including drug and non-drug therapy.
Types and treatment of prostatitis
Because of the development, infectious and non-infectious prostatitis are distinguished.
The infectious disease is caused by the activity of pathogens that cause prostatitis.Depending on the type of pathogen, bacterial or fungal inflammation is distinguished.The disease can be triggered both by the activity of opportunistic microorganisms, which are always present in the male body, and by sexually transmitted infections, such as chlamydia or trichomonas.
The disease develops against the background of reduced immunity.In most cases, this type of prostatitis is caused by opportunistic microorganisms, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus.A healthy body can suppress infection, but inflammation develops against the background of reduced immunity.
Non-infectious prostatitis is a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle.Its formation is caused by congestion of the pelvic organs - disruption of blood circulation, lymph flow, or stagnation of prostate secretions.Factors causing the development of this form of inflammation:
- hypothermia;
- reduced immunity;
- physical inactivity;
- obesity;
- irregular sex life.
Congestive prostatitis is thought to be a disease of office workers.The disease develops against the background of physical inactivity, as a result of which the metabolism decreases and the trophism of the prostate is disturbed.
A man's sex life plays an important role in the development of congestive prostatitis.Lack of sexual activity leads to a decrease in prostate tone and stagnation of secretions.This provokes the swelling of the organ and the development of inflammation.At the same time, excessive sexual activity (more than 2-3 sexual acts per day) leads to exhaustion of the organ and can also cause the development of the disease.
According to the nature of the course, prostatitis is divided into acute and chronic.The acute form is characterized by an exacerbation of specific symptoms, including:
- frequent urge to urinate;
- pain and burning in the urethra;
- bladder spasms;
- pain in the perineum;
- erectile dysfunction.
The process of urination is accompanied by severe urethral pain caused by the compression of the urethra by the enlarged prostate.
Acute prostatitis can be treated quite successfully with the timely use of appropriate drug therapy.In the absence of proper treatment, it becomes chronic.This disease is accompanied by the weakening of male sexual functions and various disorders of the urinary system.
Chronic prostatitis can be infectious or non-infectious.Both cases are characterized by periodic exacerbations, during which the symptoms become acute.The aggravation of the disease is primarily associated with a decrease in immunity.
An integrated approach to treatment
Before starting treatment, the patient must undergo all tests to identify the type of inflammatory process and the type of pathogen.For this, an analysis of the secretion of the prostate, an ultrasound and an MRI of the organ are performed.
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes:
- drug therapy;
- increase immunity;
- physiotherapy methods;
- dietary therapy;
- lifestyle change.
Drug treatment depends on the form of the disease.In the case of infectious inflammation, the main line of treatment is antibacterial drugs.They are selected based on the results of the prostate analysis.
In the case of non-infectious prostatitis, anti-inflammatory drugs are used for symptomatic treatment in the acute stage.The main part of the therapy is carried out with drugs that normalize the functioning of the organ.
Complex treatment of prostatitis necessarily includes taking drugs to improve immunity.These can be topical agents (rectal suppositories) or immunomodulators in tablets.Medicines are selected only by the doctor.
In the case of bacterial prostatitis, the basis of treatment is the fight against infections;improving the function of the gland in case of stagnant prostatitis.
Antibacterial therapy
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis begins with symptomatic relief medications that normalize prostate function and improve well-being.Antibiotics are the basis of therapy for infectious prostatitis.
The following drug groups are used for treatment:
- penicillins;
- tetracyclines;
- macrolides;
- fluoroquinolones.
Penicillins and tetracyclines are rarely used in urological practice due to the low effectiveness of treatment and many side effects.Pathogenic microorganisms that cause the inflammatory process quickly develop resistance to the effects of drugs belonging to this group, which negatively affects the therapeutic effect of the drugs.
Nevertheless, a fairly good result can be achieved by taking combined drugs.
In most cases, macrolide drugs are prescribed.Their advantages lie in the wide spectrum of action, good tolerance of organisms and high bioavailability, thanks to which the components of the drug penetrate the prostate tissue.
Recently, doctors increasingly prefer drugs belonging to the group of fluoroquinolones.These are broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs that have many advantages over traditional antibiotics.
Since fluoroquinolones, unlike antibiotics, are completely synthetic drugs that have no natural analogues, treatment with these drugs is more effective due to the lack of resistance of pathogens.
Fluoroquinolones quickly penetrate the prostate tissue, are well tolerated by the body, and rarely cause side effects.Most often, doctors prescribe drugs containing levofloxacin.The therapy lasts at least 28 days, the drug must be taken in 1-2 tablets.The doctor selects the exact dosage and dosage regimen individually.In some cases, intramuscular administration of the drug may be prescribed, in which case the treatment will be shortened.
Anti-inflammatory drugs
Anti-inflammatory drugs are used for the complex treatment of non-infectious chronic prostatitis.
Such drugs have a symptomatic effect, eliminate pain and stop the inflammatory process.It is advisable to prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs in suppositories - thanks to this form of release, the active ingredient is delivered directly to the tissue of the prostate gland.
In the case of infectious inflammation, anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed in short courses to relieve symptoms, but in the case of non-infectious prostatitis, they are the main line of treatment, since antibiotics are not used for this form of the disease.
In the treatment of congestive prostatitis, bioactive drugs are often used to normalize the functioning of the prostate.
These are usually preparations based on the extract of the prostate gland of young bulls.The drug improves prostate trophism, relieves inflammation and reduces swelling.In case of non-infectious prostatitis, it is used for a long time to treat inflammation.In case of bacterial inflammation of the prostate, this drug is used to restore the function of the organ after antibiotic therapy.
In congestive prostatitis, propolis suppositories and bee products, ichthyol or pumpkin oil are often prescribed.The purpose of such drugs is to normalize prostate trophism, have an anti-inflammatory effect and increase local immunity.
Medicines that enhance immunity
During the complex treatment of prostatitis, the prostate gland is exposed to various drugs.In order to avoid the recurrence of the disease after treatment, a series of measures to increase immunity is recommended.
For this purpose, the following are prescribed:
- preparations containing zinc;
- tablets with echinacea extract;
- vitamin complex;
- Vitamin E.
Zinc, selenium and vitamin E are necessary for the normal functioning of the prostate.Urologists often prescribe bioactive dietary supplements in these substances.
A vitamin regimen specially developed for men is also recommended.Such drugs contain a complex of substances aimed at normalizing the functioning of the urogenital system.
To reduce the risk of aggravation and recovery after antibacterial therapy, echinacea extract injections are prescribed, but this drug is no less effective in tablet form.
In case of chronic prostatitis, in order to reduce the risk of aggravation, a vitamin complex should be taken twice a year.
Physiotherapy and massage
In case of chronic prostatitis, physiotherapy is prescribed to eliminate congestion.Acupuncture, current and magnetic influence methods, and darsonvalization are usually used.In the case of bacterial inflammation, such methods are not used, as they can provoke the spread of pathogens in the body through the bloodstream.
If prostate trophism is impaired, rectal massage is recommended.Such procedures are performed by a qualified specialist - urologist or proctologist.The massage course consists of 10-15 procedures.
Physiotherapy stimulates the blood circulation of the pelvic organs, eliminates lymphatic congestion and normalizes the outflow of prostate secretions.During the procedures, you can restore the normal functioning of the organ and have a positive effect on potency.
Surgical treatment
Surgical treatment of prostatitis is only performed in case of complications.
In the case of infectious prostatitis, the formation of a prostate abscess is possible.This requires immediate hospitalization and manipulation of the patient to open the abscess and remove its contents.
In case of chronic prostatitis, narrowing of the urethra is possible, which leads to acute urinary retention.In this case, surgery is performed and a catheter is inserted to drain the urine.In addition, in severe cases of the disease, fibrosis may develop, as a result of which scars appear on the prostate tissue.In this case, an operation is performed in which the compacted areas are removed with a laser.
Lifestyle and nutrition
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes lifestyle changes, normalizing nutrition and giving up bad habits.The prostatitis diet is not strict, but excludes all fast food, semi-finished products and smoked foods.Alcohol and smoking should be avoided.
Foods that are good for men's health should be included in your diet:
- avocado;
- pumpkin seed oil and olives;
- walnuts and honey;
- citrus fruits;
- pumpkin seeds;
- fermented milk products.
If you have congestive prostatitis, you should exercise regularly.Physical activity should be aimed at normalizing blood circulation in the lower body.
The patient's sex life plays an important role.If you have prostatitis, you need regular sex, at least 3 times a week.At the same time, excessive sexual activity is unacceptable, as it exhausts the prostate.
Otherwise, proper drug therapy, proper nutrition and giving up bad habits will help you get rid of prostatitis.However, after the inflammation, a man is recommended to visit a urologist every year and have a comprehensive examination of the prostate gland.